Fusing Consumer Fireworks Artillery Shells
Artillery shells (also called mortars or reloadables) provide the biggest breaks in consumer fireworks. Fusing them together creates impressive rapid-fire finales and dramatic moments in your display.
Critical Safety Warning
NEVER modify the shells themselves. Only connect fuses externally.
Artillery shells are more dangerous than cakes. Extra caution is required. Always follow manufacturer instructions and local laws.
Understanding Artillery Shells
Components
- Shell: The projectile containing effects
- Lift charge: Propels shell from tube
- Fuse: Usually attached to lift charge
- Mortar tube: HDPE or fiberglass launcher
Shell Types
- Ball shells: Symmetrical breaks
- Canister shells: Larger, varied effects
- Double-break: Two effects in one
- Triple-break: Three sequential effects
Basic Shell Fusing Method
Step 1: Set Up Your Rack
- Use a proper mortar rack or secure individual tubes
- Space tubes at least 6 inches apart
- Angle tubes slightly outward (5-10 degrees) for safety
- Ensure rack is on level, stable ground
- Secure rack with stakes or sandbags
Step 2: Prepare Shells
- Inspect each shell and fuse for damage
- Load shells into tubes (do not drop)
- Let fuses hang outside the tubes
- Never load all shells at once - load as you fuse
Step 3: Connect the Fuses
- Use fast-burning fuse (red/pink visco) for rapid fire
- Cut fuse lengths based on desired timing
- For instant sequential: 3-4 inches between shells
- Connect fuse to shell fuse with 1-2 inch overlap
- Tape connections securely with aluminum tape
Step 4: Final Checks
- Verify all connections are secure
- Ensure fuses don't cross or tangle
- Create a safety leader (3+ feet) for ignition
- Clear area of debris and flammables
- Have safety equipment ready
Advanced Techniques
Creating a Finale Rack
For impressive finales, set up multiple racks with different timing:
- Rack 1: 3-inch spacing (rapid fire)
- Rack 2: 6-inch spacing (medium pace)
- Rack 3: Mixed timing for variety
- Connect all three racks to fire simultaneously
- Creates layered, professional-style finale
Timing Guidelines
| Effect Desired | Fuse Length | Fuse Type |
|---|---|---|
| Machine gun (instant) | 2-3 inches | Red/Pink |
| Rapid (0.5 sec) | 5-6 inches | Red/Pink |
| Paced (1 sec) | 12 inches | Red/Pink |
| Slow (2 sec) | 24 inches | Red/Pink |
Common Mistakes to Avoid
❌
Overloading tubes: Never put multiple shells in one tube
❌
Wet tubes: Moisture can cause shells to get stuck
❌
Damaged tubes: Inspect and replace cracked or worn tubes
❌
Incorrect shell orientation: Always check the manufacturer's loading instructions. Some designs have the fuse at the bottom, while others string the fuse through to the top so you can hang the shell by the fuse and drop it into the tube properly oriented.
Pro Tips
- Mix shell sizes and effects for variety
- Save your best shells for the finale
- Consider wind direction when angling tubes
- Practice with single shells before attempting chains
- Keep extra tubes as backups